![]() ĭietary changes, such as maintaining a high-calorie diet or lactose-free diet, may improve symptoms. It is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) along with Crohn's disease and microscopic colitis. Diagnosis is typically by colonoscopy with tissue biopsies. The removal of the appendix at an early age may be protective. Rates tend to be higher in the developed world with some proposing this to be the result of less exposure to intestinal infections, or to a Western diet and lifestyle. Theories involve immune system dysfunction, genetics, changes in the normal gut bacteria, and environmental factors. Complications may include abnormal dilation of the colon ( megacolon), inflammation of the eye, joints, or liver, and colon cancer. Symptoms typically occur intermittently with periods of no symptoms between flares. Often, symptoms come on slowly and can range from mild to severe. Weight loss, fever, and anemia may also occur. The primary symptoms of active disease are abdominal pain and diarrhea mixed with blood ( hematochezia). Ulcerative colitis ( UC) is a long-term condition that results in inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum. Sulfasalazine, mesalazine, steroids, immunosuppressants such as azathioprine, biological therapy Megacolon, inflammation of the eye, joints, or liver, colon cancer ĭysentery, Crohn's disease, ischemic colitis Mild-moderate disease.Ībdominal pain, diarrhea mixed with blood, weight loss, fever, anemia, dehydration, loss of appetite, fatigue, sores on the skin, urgency to defecate, inability to defecate despite urgency, rectal pain The internal surface of the colon is blotchy and broken in places. Endoscopic image of a colon affected by ulcerative colitis.
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